Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zoya Mladenova Author-Email: zoya_mladenova@ue-varna.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: FDI Policy in Bulgaria Facing Old and New Problems Abstract: The paper focuses on the FDI policy in Bulgaria. The issue has grown in importance as a result of the collapse of the import of FDI in the country during the last years. From a record level of 9 billion euro in 2007, in the period 2009-2012 the inflow of FDI fell to 1,2-1,5 billion euro. Analyzing the FDI policy in Bulgaria, the author identifies old and new problems. Among the old and still unresolved problems are the character of the statistical information about FDI, attention, oriented towards quantitative, not qualitative aspects of imported FDI and the disregard of the effects of FDI. The new problems are associated with the global recession and they refer to the role of the institutions for the attraction of FDI, the peculiarities of FDI policy in recession, and with the necessity of a strategic orientation of FDI policy. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: FDI policy, FDI inflow and stock, geographical and branch structure, economic crisis, effects of FDI on the national economy Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 3-14 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%203-14.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:3-14 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hristo Mavrov Author-Email: mavrov_h@ue-varna.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Labor costs and competitiveness in Bulgaria and the other countries of Central and Eastern Europe (the effects of the global crisis 2007) Abstract: The report analyzes the dynamics of cost competitiveness in Bulgaria compared to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. As a basic indicators nominal unit labor cost and real unit labor cost are used. It was found that the growth rates of both indicators in Bulgaria before the crisis exceed those of the other countries except Latvia, Estonia and Romania. This is one of the reasons that contributed to high inflation during 2006-2008 in Bulgaria and delayed the membership in the Euro zone. The study also raises the question whether the real unit labor cost is a good indicator of competitiveness since it reflects the functional distribution of income. This finding directs to the concepts of wage-led growth versus profit-led growth. It is concluded that the answer to this question is an empirical one and further studies are needed. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: nominal unit labor cost, real unit labor cost, wage-led growh, profit-led growth Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 15-24 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2015-24.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:15-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michal Stojanov Author-Email: michal.stojanov@ue-varna.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Increasing importance of electronic commerce in the republic of Bulgaria Abstract: Upward development of e-commerce in recent years associated with the predominant variety of benefits that it provides, and despite its flaws it is successfully integrated as a channel for ordering and buying consumer products over the Internet in Bulgaria. The expansion of this model is mainly associated with more convenience of time and place for the customer, improving the dimensions of the underlying commercial services and expanding the variety of additional services. E-Commerce in Bulgaria is successful even in times of economic crisis as a new form of popular exchange for those living in large and in small towns, regardless of the gender of consumers and in economically developed areas of the country. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: electronic commerce, advantages and disadvantages of electronic commerce Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 25-33 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2025-33.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:25-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel Petrov Author-Email: petrov@ue-varna.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Some possibilities for using NoSQL systems to increase the performance of information systems Abstract: The study focuses on possibilities of NoSQL systems to be used as cache layer between an application and RDBMS SQL systems. Series of benchmark tests has proceeded with aim to determine when there will be advantage of using such approach to save hardware resources. The term "relative performance" has been defined and this indicator is used to determine relative performance between popular SQL и NoSQL systems such as MySQL and Redis. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: NoSQL, MySQL, Redis, performance Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 34-40 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2034-40.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:34-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Antoaneta Stoyanova Author-Email: demetraconsult@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Difficulties faced by Bulgarian companies for effective and efficient maintenance of certified Management Systems Abstract: With the development and implementation of Management Systems in accordance with international standards and their recognition by independent certification bodies, each company obtain certificate which proves to the company's customers and partners, its ability to manage the quality of the products, envornmental, food safety, health safety etc. Тhis report reviews the difficulties for many companies related to the effective maintenance of their certified Management Systems. The causes for the appearance of these difficulties can be combined into two groups arising from the objective and the subjective nature of the different factors. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: management; Management Systems, quality, international standards Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 41-46 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2041-46.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:41-46 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Galina Sabcheva Author-Email: sabcheva.galina@ue-varna.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: The concession valuation opportunity at fair value Abstract: The thesis focuses on the concession valuation opportunity at fair value. It is necessary to concession met the initial recognition criteria as an intangible asset in the financial statements to the entity. It represents the opportunities for using valuation approaches in the fair value area – income approach and option pricing methods. It is the most currently used in practice statements information and the information asymmetry as a result of unrecognized concession as an intangible asset. It suggests to use fair value methods for accounting estimate and improve financial statement information quality with appropriate disclosures. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: IFRS, fair value, concession, option pricing, intangible assets Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 47-55 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2047-55.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:47-55 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lyubomira Dimitrova Author-Email: lubomira_dimitrova@ue-varna.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Related party disclosures in the financial statements of the companies Abstract: Related party transactions and relationships between them, are subject to mandatory disclosure in the financial statements under national and international accounting standards. The need for disclosure is based on the principle of transparency (true and fair view), as these transactions can have a significant impact on the operation and accordingly on the financial indicators of the entities. The hereby focuses on commentary and analysis of the legal provisions regarding disclosure of related party transactions, as well as outlining the problematic issues in their application. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: related parties, disclosures, related party transactions, financial statements Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 56-64 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2056-64.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:56-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milena Mihaylova Author-Email: milenastefanova@yahoo.com Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Market entry of American franchisors in Central and Eastern Europe Abstract: The following article represents the market entry of American franchisors in CEE. The author reveals the incentives of American companies to launch their franchise strategy through the bias of the three most popular scientific approaches on franchising. It is found an interdependence between company size and international scope, which proves that the choice to expand in CEE is rather caused by intraorganizational factors. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: franchise, CEE, market entry, company size, expansion, international scope Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 65-76 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2065-76.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:65-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Donka Zhelyazkova Author-Email: d_zhelyazkova@ue-varna.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Essence and characteristics in passenger transport alternatives Abstract: Transportation of passengers is distinguished by their characteristics and responsibilities of carrier than those of goods or freight, this is mainly due to the need to comply with the human rights of citizens in time of transportation and ensure conditions for preserving their life and health. The main aim of this paper is to reveal the essence and features of passenger transportation in context of using different transport alternatives. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: passenger transport, transportation of passengers, passengers Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 77-85 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2077-85.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:77-85 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gergana Slavova Author-Email: ggss@abv.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Development of non-agricultural activities in Bulgarian rural areas and effectiveness of implementing the third axis program for rural development during its first period Abstract: Over eighty percent of the EU territory is covered by the rural area,about the same percent as for Bulgarian territory, and thus the development of these areas is of paramount importance not only for the EU but also for Bulgaria. The first period of the program for developing rural areas is over, raising the question about the effectiveness of the program and the absorbing of financial allocations from the EU Axis 3 of the Program for Rural Development. This is the main question, which this eport attempts to answer. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: Program for rural development, agricultural activities, financial resources, a third axis Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 86-94 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2086-94.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:86-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Damyan Kirechev Author-Email: dkirechev@ue-varna.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Guidelines for modern investing in viticulture in Bulgaria Abstract: Crucial role for defining the main priorities in the farms investing policy plays research of the guidelines in current viticulture investment practice. Analysis and evaluation of the investment focus on viticulture, based on an empirical survey, includes: the evaluation of the main priorities of investment in the sector, the main priorities of investments in surveyed farms; а study of the factors and conditions that influence the willingness to invest and motivating factors for the realization of investment intentions.The analysis concludes that investments should aim to update the viticulture production potential, technical infrastructure improvement, diversification of economic activities, encouraging the integration process and enhance the competitiveness of grape and wine firms. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: investment; viticulture; guideline for investing; competitiveness Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 95-104 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%2095-104.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:95-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Boyko Doychinov Author-Email: polaris1@mail.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: The auctions – perspectives of application in the trade with Perishable foods Abstract: Pursuant to the degree of adjustability of the markets’ processes by the side of the market participants the markets can be organized or unorganized. The organized market is a summative denotation of a market, which is permanently or periodically acting on a strongly specific location, in fixed time and according to legal requirements and/or as a general rule and method of trading with goods and/or services. The organized markets include commodity exchanges and auctions, which are high organized markets, and wholesale markets as well. The auction is determinate by the mechanism of the price competition and it is a competitive method of trade with existing goods, which have specific individual features. Summary, the main and distinctive features of the auction are: organizers are producers and traders, it can be permanently or periodically acting, the goods are available, the buyers filed an application and pay deposit, the auction can be overt or privy, the completion of the swap is in a short term. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: Organized markets, auctions, commodity exchanges, wholesale markets, fish markets, auction hall, perishable foods, lots Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 105-113 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%20105-113.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:105-113 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Velina Jordanova Author-Email: v.yordanova@ue-varna.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Optimization of production capacities of the auxiliary units of construction company Abstract: The current study is an attempt to optimize the capacity of the auxiliary branches of the construction company. For this purpose, it is proposed economic-mathematical model that allows you to take an informed management decision, in which production and investment costs are minimal. With a view to highlight the effect of the proposed economic-mathematical model is made application with real data provided by the construction company. To solve the model and thus obtain the optimal solution using dynamic programming methods. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: production capacities, construction company, economic-mathematical model Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 114-120 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%20114-120.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:114-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Diana Shopova Author-Email: diana.ilieva_1987@abv.bg Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics - Varna Title: Positioning of the cooperative retail consumer market of Bulgarian Abstract: In order to survive in conditions of increased competition, Bulgarian cooperatives is necessary to oppose to alternative strategies based on innovative advantages to attract the interest of customers and encourage their loyalty. Research in this paragraph is intended to indicate general characteristics of the place, significance, status, trends and expected changes, as in "Retail" and in cooperative retailer in Bulgaria. This will be highlighted, current trends in the development of trade at national level to be used by cooperative organizations, as this will help to increase the competitiveness of the cooperative retail trade in the country, to make it modern and meet the increased needs of the buyers. Classification-JEL: A00 Keywords: trade, cooperative trade, retail, cooperative retail, consumer market, sales, labor force, outlets Journal: IZVESTIA, JOURNAL OF THE UNION OF SCIENTISTS - VARNA, ECONOMIC SCIENCES SERIES Pages: 121-129 Issue: 1 Year: 2013 Month: November File-URL: http://www.su-varna.org/izdanij/Ikonomika-13/Pages%20121-129.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:vra:journl:y:2013:i:1:p:121-129